Storytelling

Plot- Is everything into the story but not the order in which it is told(including the backstory)
Narrative- How the story is told

Plot 101- every story has this or it is not a story

1. Ordinary world
-is the character/ characters
- there is the environment which they live in

In terms of plot you always start with the ordinary world.

2. Disruption (catalyst)
For example in the great gatsby, jordan is the catalyst (she is the one which leads to nick going to gatsby's party)

3. Conflicts (the disruption causes conflict)
the 5 types of conflicts include:
1.ManvsMan
2.ManvsSociety
3.ManvsEnvironment
4.ManvsSelf
5.ManvsTechnology

There are numbers of conflicts until they reach the climax.
The climax is when Daisy is screaming at everyone when they are in NY.
The anticlimax is when she hits myrtle.
Denouement- unravelling

Then you have 2 conclusions.

1. Return to ordinary world
2. Establishment of a new world order

Its either one of these two


Heroes Journey- a narrative journey

Its stages are:

1.        THE ORDINARY WORLD.  The hero, uneasy, uncomfortable or unaware, is introduced sympathetically so the audience can identify with the situation or dilemma.  The hero is shown against a background of environment, heredity, and personal history.  Some kind of polarity in the hero’s life is pulling in different directions and causing stress.

2.        THE CALL TO ADVENTURE.  Something shakes up the situation, either from external pressures or from something rising up from deep within, so the hero must face the beginnings of change.  

3.        REFUSAL OF THE CALL.  The hero feels the fear of the unknown and tries to turn away from the adventure, however briefly.  Alternately, another character may express the uncertainty and danger ahead.

4.        MEETING WITH THE MENTOR.  The hero comes across a seasoned traveler of the worlds who gives him or her training, equipment, or advice that will help on the journey.  Or the hero reaches within to a source of courage and wisdom.

5.        CROSSING THE THRESHOLD.  At the end of Act One, the hero commits to leaving the Ordinary World and entering a new region or condition with unfamiliar rules and values.  

6.        TESTS, ALLIES AND ENEMIES.  The hero is tested and sorts out allegiances in the Special World.

7.        APPROACH.  The hero and newfound allies prepare for the major challenge in the Special world.

8.        THE ORDEAL.  Near the middle of the story, the hero enters a central space in the Special World and confronts death or faces his or her greatest fear.  Out of the moment of death comes a new life. 

9.        THE REWARD.  The hero takes possession of the treasure won by facing death.  There may be celebration, but there is also danger of losing the treasure again.

10.      THE ROAD BACK.  About three-fourths of the way through the story, the hero is driven to complete the adventure, leaving the Special World to be sure the treasure is brought home.  Often a chase scene signals the urgency and danger of the mission.

11.     THE RESURRECTION.  At the climax, the hero is severely tested once more on the threshold of home.  He or she is purified by a last sacrifice, another moment of death and rebirth, but on a higher and more complete level.  By the hero’s action, the polarities that were in conflict at the beginning are finally resolved.

12.       RETURN WITH THE ELIXIR.  The hero returns home or continues the journey, bearing some element of the treasure that has the power to transform the world as the hero has been transformed.

Film (the key plot points)
Act 1 1/4
(key point plot 1)
Act 2 1/2--------the pinch (this is where an event takes place with high of tensions however it does not change the story, it is not a turning point)
(key plot point 2)
Act 3 1/4
(key plot point 3)

Gatsby

The great Gatsby is set in the 1920 (the roaring 20's)

When every big nation went bankrupt, except America.

It is also the period when alcohol 9consumption and everything) was illegal. Which is how gatsby made all his money- by selling alcohol (he is a bootlegger)

His partner is also a jew (Meyer Wolfsheim) who everyone hates.

Making money from alcohol is looked most down upon by the people who have old money, however besides this Gatsby also does this with a jew, who is also looked down upon. 

Nick hates Gatsby( because he associates with a jew and because he makes money by selling alcohol)

Wolfsheim is a jew and a gangster, he is the lowest of the low. Gatsby somehow makes these two meet (nick and wolfsheim) because he does not understand how old money thinks. 

Gatsby believes that daisy would have married him if he didn't go to war.

The only person who is interested in Gatsby's parties is Jordan. 

The first time Daisy goes to one of Gatsby's parties is when Gatsby invites her. However when she doesn't like it, he stops hosting them.

The idea of the american dream also gets destroyed in this novel.  Because the only people the american dream should have been affecting is myrtle and wilson. Which it obviously is not. As well as James Gatz, which it also did not affect.

Chapter 5 is the most important chapter, it is the pinnacle of Gatsby's dreams. 

Nick is an unreliable narrator because he judges everyone, he dislikes everyone, he disdains them. However he is a reliably unreliable character because he flat out says he dislikes them and acknowledges the fact that he hates them.

Long enough in Jo'burg

TEXT


What is it?  South african political magazine
What does it do? 

How does it do what it does?   (what are the golden nuggets?)

• Rhetoric
• Imagery and other literary devices
• Diction and syntax
• tone and mood (are the golden nuggets in this piece)

Tone is voice. (when someone speaks, thats tone) (e.g. the signs are part of mood too)

Mood is description. ("diamonds fell from the sky")

Why does it do what it does?   persuade? inform? entertain?

Who is the audience?           

Narrative, description, narrative, narrative, responce. 

"diamonds seemed to fall from the sky" -metaphor emphasises the contrast.

RULE NR 1:

 Never go through it in order.

You go through the text and look for the rhetorical devices that are in service of the main idea of the text.

Paper one

William morris Speech

TEXT


What is it?  A speech, talking about the importance of the arts.  He introduces it with a rhetorical questions. He says science is used purely to make money.
What does it do? (what's the big idea?)

How does it do what it does?   (what are the golden nuggets?)

• Rhetoric
• Imagery and other literary devices
• Diction and syntax- speak to the fact that it is a speech. Because the syntax is too long for it to be an essay.  The diction is relatively sophisticated as it speaks to skilled workers. He 
• tone and mood

Why does it do what it does?   persuade? inform? entertain?

Who is the audience?   Speaking to skilled workers seeking to provide themselves with vocational education (hands, physical)
        
Drill sergeant- the army.

He has personifies science. He introduces science to juxtaposes it with the art. 

Paper one

Big brother piece, Analysis

TEXT


What is it?  (what kind of text? how precise can you be?)
Entertaining, Interview, a webpage. 
What kind of webpage? It looks at celebrities, it has a banner. Therefore it indicates that it is a magazine. The banner indicates that this is in fact a magazine. A website for a  magazine.

Because it is a magazine devoted to the private life of celebrities it will speak to the diction and syntax. 
Because it is an unsophisticated text with an unsophisticated audience talking about an unsophisticated topic  it is aimed to entertain.

It is at all not very sophisticated. 

What does it do? (what's the big idea?)
It entertains.
How does it do what it does?   (what are the golden nuggets?)
We can look at syntax and diction because it is very low. 
Are there any rhetorical devices?
-there is repetition!

Why does it do what it does? 
It entertains.
Who is the audience?        




There is no sophisticated diction, so what is driving this text?
- "i like" "I think" "meet"

Audience is totally driving this piece. If someone is saying like and I'm not a crazy fan etc.
It looks like an interview, it is a conversation. 

Oral presentation- Apple

Think Distinctive

Breakdown of the advertisement campaign- think different

"change the world" the official name
The adverts they used for the campaign include people that are well know. Each person on these posters has achieved something extraordinary. Which transfers their characteristics to apple itself.
Each person is connected with an emotion. What emotion?

With most of the pictures the person stares directly into the camera. Forming a connection with the audience and invite them to follow their footsteps.
The quote given also connects with the people that apple used in their posters.
Doesn't it refer to the users of apple rather than the people in the posters?
This is transference because the qualities of these people who are different (e.g. Einstein) are transferred onto the people who buy apples products.
The quote contains simple sentences as well, which makes it easier for a larger audience to understand.

The golden circle.
Developed by businessmen.
Why? How? What?
This is how apple has managed to lead while others just stagnate and bore.
Many companies know what they're doing, How they do it however only few know why.
When apple communicates they explain the 'Why?'
"We believe in challenging the status quo"
What apple does is reverse the order.
Start with the why?, then the How? and lastly the What.
Even in their posters they never feature one of their products at all. They only transfer ideas.
If you start with why they will believe in you and stick with you. Because they believe what you believe.  In their think different campaign what or how they're doing something, they explain why they are.

What the ib is looking for

Always simple syntax and sophisticated diction.
Organisation is key!
Make it easier for the examiner to follow along, show them the key ideas. Make them easy to see, point them out.

In the group presentation which we are doing the literary features include:
-rhetorical devices (visual and linguistic) however focus more on linguistic because the examiner would not understand the visual as much.
With linguistic, focus on propaganda tools. Always look at AIDA because aida speaks to both the linguistics and visual aspects.

When you are looking at a text in the exam, you have to ask yourself what it is doing:
-inform
-persuade
-entertain